松花江哈尔滨段河床冲积物与沙尘天气关系的讨论

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松花江哈尔滨段河床冲积物与沙尘天气关系的讨论

何葵　 康春国　 张丽娟　

摘　要：笔者重点分析了哈尔滨河床冲积物的粒度组成,结合沙尘沉降物的粒度组成,论述了裸露河床冲积物对沙尘天气的影响.河床冲积物及沙尘沉降物粒度分析结果显示,裸露河床冲积物粒径大于63μm的颗粒占84%以上,而小于63μm粒径的颗粒很少,小于10μm的颗粒微乎其微;沙尘沉降物中小于63μm的粉粘颗粒含量在90%以上.对河床冲积物而言,无论是砂级别的粗颗粒物质还是粉粘级别的细颗粒物质都与沙尘沉降物的粒度无相关性,对沙尘暴物质组成没有影响或影响很小.受砂级别的粗颗粒物质扬起高度和搬运距离的限制,沙尘暴发生时,裸露河床中的冲积物颗粒不会被远距离搬运而影响到整个哈尔滨地区,真正影响整个哈尔滨地区的沙尘物质是小于63μm的粉砂级别的颗粒,特别是小于10μm的粉尘.笔者认为对哈尔滨沙尘天气产生重大影响的是含有大量细颗粒物质的城市地表土和建筑土等,这些地域是防止沙尘天气的重点治理区域.
关键词：河床冲积物;沙尘天气;粒度;哈尔滨
分类号：X144 　文献标识码：A
文章编号：1000-3657(2008)01-0150-07

Relation between riverbed alluvial deposits in the Harbin reach of the Songhuajiang River and sand-dust weather

HE Kui　 KUANG Chun-guo　 ZHANG Li-juan　



基金项目：黑龙江省自然科学基金项目(G0213)、黑龙江省教育厅科学技术研究项目(11511132,11511115)共同资助.
作者简介：何葵,男,1962年生,副教授,主要从事环境地质研究;E-mail:hk8804@sina.com.
作者单位：何葵（哈尔滨师范大学地理系,黑龙江,哈尔滨,150080）　
　　　　　康春国（中国地质大学地球科学学院,湖北,武汉,430074;哈尔滨学院地理系,黑龙江,哈尔滨,150080）　
　　　　　张丽娟（哈尔滨师范大学地理系,黑龙江,哈尔滨,150080）　

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