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本帖最后由 b176877840 于 2012-6-13 13:01 编辑
Toolsets Description
工具集合 描述
一、 Analysis
Tools
Extract 提取
Contains tools to extract features and attributes from a feature class or a
table based on attribute queries or spatial extraction and stores them in a new
shapefile or geodatabase feature class. These tools include Clip, Select, Split, and Table Select.
所包含的这些工具用于从一个元素类或一个表格中基于属性查询或空间特征来提取元素和属性，并将其存储于一个新的shapefile文件或地理数据库的元素类中。这些工具包括Clip剪辑，Select选择，Split拆分，和Table Select表格选择。
Overlay 覆盖
Contains tools to overlay multiple feature classes to combine, erase, or update
spatial features into a new feature class. There are several types of overlay
operations, such as Identity, Intersect, Union,
and Update.
所包含的这些工具用于将多个元素类叠加后，对空间元素进行结合、清除或更新，并生成一个崭新的元素类。覆盖操作包括的几种类型如Identity标识、Intersect交叉、Union联合和Update更新。
Proximity 邻接
Contains tools to determine the proximity of spatial features within a feature
class or between two feature classes. These tools include Buffer, Near, and
Point Distance.
所包含的这些工具用于确定在一个元素类周边或两个元素类之间的空间邻接特征。这些工具包括Buffer缓冲区、Near邻近和Point Distance点距离。
Statistics 统计
Contains tools to perform standard statistical analysis on attribute data. They
perform mean, minimum, maximum, and standard deviation analysis on attribute
data and save the results in a new table. These tools include Frequency and
Summary Statistics.
所包含的这些工具用于执行对属性数据的标准统计分析。操作这些工具可完成对属性数据均值、最小值、最大值和标准偏差的计算分析，并将结果保存在一个新的表格中。这些工具包括Frequency频率和Summary
Statistics汇总统计。
1、
Extract提取工具集合
1.1
Extract提取工具集合概述
The Extract toolset contains tools used to select features and attributes in a
feature class or table based on an attribute query (SQL expression) or spatial
extraction. The new features and attributes are stored in a new feature class
or table.
Extract提取工具集合所包含的工具，用于通过属性查询(SQL结构化查询语言 expression表达式)或空间特征提取，从一个元素类或表格中来选定元素和属性。新的元素及属性都存储在一个新的元素类或表格中。
Clip剪辑
Extracts those features or portions of features from an input feature class
that overlap with a clip feature class. The Clip tool is similar to the
Intersect tool, however, the Clip tool does not transfer any attributes from
the clip feature class to the output. Available with any ArcGIS license.
从输入的元素类中提取出那些被剪辑的元素部分。Clip剪辑工具类似于Intersect交叉工具，然而，Clip剪辑工具不会将剪辑元素类的任何属性转移到输出。适用于任何ArcGIS许可证授权。
Select选择
Extracts selected features from an input feature class based on an attribute
query and stores them in the output feature class. Available with any ArcGIS
license.
基于一个属性查询，来从输入元素类中选取元素，并将选定的元素存储到输出元素类中。适用于任何ArcGIS许可证授权。
Split拆分
The spatial extraction of features by clipping portions of the input feature
class into multiple feature classes. Requires an ArcInfo license.
从输入元素类剪辑出的各部分元素，经过空间提取操作被分成多个元素类。需要一个ArcInfo许可证授权。
Table Select表格选择
Extracts selected attributes from an input table based on an attribute query
and stores them in the output table. Available with any ArcGIS license.
基于一个属性查询，来从输入表格中提取属性，并将选定的属性存储到输出表格中。适用于任何ArcGIS许可证授权。
2. Overlay覆盖工具集合
An overview of the Overlay toolset
2.1Overlay覆盖工具集合概述
The Overlay toolset contains tools to overlay multiple feature classes to
combine, erase, modify, or update spatial features in a new feature class. New
information is created when overlaying one set of features with another. There
are six types of overlay operations; all involve joining two existing sets of
features into a single set of features to identify spatial relationships between
the input features.
Overlay覆盖工具集合所包含的工具，对各元素类中的空间元素进行组合、清除、修正或更新，以完成对元素类的覆盖分析，并产生出一个新的元素类。用一个元素集合来覆盖其它元素时会生成新的信息。覆盖操作有六种类型，所有的覆盖操作皆涉及辨识输入元素之间的空间关系特征，将两个现有的元素集合并为单一的元素集合。
Erase清除
This tool creates a feature class from those features or portions of features
outside the erase feature class. Requires an ArcInfo license.
该工具清除界外部分的元素类后，再根据界内部分元素创建一个元素类。需要一个ArcInfo的许可证授权。
Identity标识
This tool combines the portions of features that overlap the identity features
to create a new feature class. Requires an ArcInfo license.
该工具将具有相同特征的各部分元素聚合为一个新的元素类。需要一个ArcInfo的许可证授权。
Intersect交叉
This tool builds a new feature class from the intersecting features common in
both feature classes. Available with any ArcGIS license. 该工具组合两个元素类之间相交部分的公共元素，构成一个新的元素类。适用于任何ArcGIS许可证授权。
Spatial Join空间联接
Creates a type of table join in which fields from one layer's attribute table
are appended to another layer's attribute table based on the relative locations
of the features in the two layers. Requires an ArcInfo license.
基于两个图层相关位置元素进行合成操作，统一表格字段类型，将一个图层的属性表格字段并入另一个图层的属性表格。需要一个ArcInfo的许可证授权。
Symmetrical Difference对称差分
This tool creates a feature class from those features or portions of features
that are not common to any of the other inputs. Requires an ArcInfo license.
此工具去掉各元素类与其他输入之间的所有共同部分，并组合其余下的各部分元素构成一个元素类。需要一个ArcInfo的许可证授权。
Union联合
This tool builds a new feature class by combining the features and attributes
of each feature class. Available with any ArcGIS license.
该工具聚合各元素类的元素及属性以构建一个新的元素类。适用于任何ArcGIS许可证授权。
Update更新
This tool updates the attributes and geometry of an input feature class or
layer by the Update feature class or layer that they overlap. Requires an
ArcInfo license.
该工具通过执行Update feature class or layer更新元素类或图层 的各项操作，来完成对各输入元素类或图层的属性及几何特征的更新。需要一个ArcInfo的许可证授权。
3. Proximity邻接工具集合
3.1 Proximity邻接工具集合概述
The Proximity toolset contains tools that are used to determine the proximity
of spatial features within a feature class or between two feature classes.
These tools can identify features that are closest to one another, calculate
the distances around them, and calculate distances between them. These tools
can let you monitor events in an area or find the area served by a facility or
the features affected by an activity.
Proximity邻接工具集合所包含的工具，被用于在一个元素类之中或是两个元素类之间，来确定各空间元素的邻接关系。这些工具能够辨认其中最接近彼此的元素，测量其周边范围的大小，以及计算出它们之间的距离。这些工具可以协助你监控一个地区内发生的事件，或是测定一个设施服务区域的范围，或是探察受到辐射影响的那些元素。
邻接工具协助辨识元素间的邻接关系，或是确定不同类型元素之间的距离。寻找邻近元素的方法之一，是围绕该元素来建立一个Buffer缓冲区。
您可以使用Buffer缓冲区工具来围绕一个元素在指定的距离范围内标示或定义一个区域。您可以创建一个缓冲区，划出一条河流所绕经的整块地区，以标示限制开发的土地范围；或者您可能想创建一个缓冲区，在一个元素周围指定距离范围内圈选元素。城市规划者能够对在拟建机场元素周围指定距离以内的区域进行标示。缓冲区可用来展示一个机场周边两英里范围之内有哪些医院或消防队。
The Proximity toolset contains six tools to determine the proximity of spatial
features within a feature class or between two feature classes. The following
table lists the tools available in the Proximity toolset and provides a brief
description of each.
Proximity邻接工具集合包含六个工具，用于在一个元素类中或两个元素类间确定各空间元素的邻接关系。下表列出Proximity邻接工具集合中的所有工具，并对各工具给出一个简短的描述。
Buffer缓冲区
The construction of area features by extending outward from point, line, or
polygon features over a specified distance. Available with any ArcGIS license.
面元素的建构通过从点、线、多边形等元素向外周延伸扩展一个指定的距离来划定完成。适用于任何ArcGIS许可证授权。
Create Thiessen Polygons创建齐生多边形
Converts input points to an output feature class of Thiessen proximal polygons.
Requires an ArcInfo license.
基于输入的点来创建输出齐生多边形元素类。需要一个ArcInfo许可证授权。
Multiple Ring Buffer圈定缓冲区
Creates a new feature class of buffer features using a set of buffer distances.
The new features may be dissolved using the distance values or as a set of
individual features. Available with any ArcGIS license.
使用一组缓冲距离设置，来创建一个新的缓冲区元素类。这些新元素可以分别设置距离值，或仅对个别元素设置。适用于任何ArcGIS许可证授权。
Generate Near Table生成邻接元素表格
Computes the dstance from each feature in the Input Features to the nearest
features in the Near Features, within the Search Radius. The results are
recorded in the output table. Requires and ArcInfo license.
计算各输入元素与Near Features邻接元素之间的距离，以确定在邻接元素周边Search Radius搜索半径范围之内的元素。结果记录于输出表格。需要一个ArcInfo许可证授权。
Near邻近
Computes the distance from each input feature to the nearest feature in another
feature class. Requires an ArcInfo license.
计算各输入元素与另一个元素类中的相近元素之间的距离。需要一个ArcInfo许可证授权。
Point
Distance点距离
Computes the distances between point features in one feature class to all
points in a second feature class that are within the specified search radius.
Requires an ArcInfo license.
计算一个元素类中的每个点元素到第二个元素类的所有点元素之间的全部距离，以确定两元素类间距在指定搜索半径内的各点元素。需要一个ArcInfo许可证授权。
4. Statistics统计工具集合
4.1 Statistics统计工具集合概述
The Statistics toolset contains tools that perform standard statistical
analysis on attribute data. They perform frequency, mean, minimum, maximum, and
standard deviation analysis on attribute data and save the results in a new
table.
Statistics统计工具集合所包含的工具，用于对属性数据进行标准的统计分析。这些工具完成对属性数据的频次、平均值、最小值、最大值和标准偏差的分析，并将结果存于一个新的表格中。
Frequency频率
Produces a list of the unique code occurrences and their frequency in an output
table for a specified set of fields from an input feature class or table.
Optionally, summary items may be totaled for each unique code combination—for
example, the total area for unique combinations of zoning and land use.
Requires an ArcInfo license.
对于一个输入元素类或表格中具体指定的一组字段，在一个输出表格中生成一个特定的代码事件及频率列表。亦或，各汇总条目也可以是对每一个特定代码组合的加总，例如，对特定的分区组合以及土地使用，来计算总面积。需要一个ArcInfo的许可证授权。
Summary Statistics汇总 统计
Generates summary statistics for fields from an input table or feature class
and saves them in an output table. This tool contains the following statistics
types: sum, mean, minimum, maximum, standard deviation, range, first, and last.
Available with any ArcGIS license.
对输入表格或元素类的各字段进行汇总分析，并将统计结果保存在一个输出表中。该工具包含以下统计类型：总和、平均值、最小值、最大值、标准差、值域范围、首项和末项。适用于任何ArcGIS许可证授权。
Quantifying the results
4.2 量化结果
Statistics tools provide ways to analyze the results of your analysis after
performing buffers, overlays, and other geoprocessing tasks.
统计工具提供的分析方法，是在执行缓冲区、覆盖以及其他的地理处理任务完成后，来对您的结果进行量化分析。
A forester may be responsible for conducting a logging study for a portion of
forest in California
to determine the total dollar value of trees in areas suitable for logging.
After processing the different layers of data, such as forest stands, streams,
and roads, the forester would need to calculate the timber value. This would
require using the summary statistics tool to weight the value-per-meter by the
area of each polygon feature and sum the results.
一名林务员可能会负责进行一项采伐California加利福尼亚州部分森林的研究，以确定适宜采伐区域内树木的美元总价值。该林务员需要通过处理不同数据图层，如森林、河流以及道路，来计算原木价值。这将需要使用汇总统计工具，衡量各个多边形元素区域每平方米单位面积的价值权重，并合计结果。
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