大柳塔煤矿采煤塌陷对土地沙漠化进程的影响

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大柳塔煤矿采煤塌陷对土地沙漠化进程的影响

徐友宁　 李智佩　 陈社斌　 陈华清　 袁汉春　

摘　要：陕西神木大柳塔县地区煤炭资源的开发不可避免会产生地面塌陷、地裂缝、地下水位下降等矿山环境地质问题,地面塌陷是否会加剧土地沙漠化成为研究的热点问题.调查表明20年间整个研究区和其中的主要矿区土地沙漠化呈现出重度沙漠化土地逐年减少、轻度及非沙漠化土地面积逐年增大的一致演化趋势,采煤塌陷区土地沙漠化没有出现加剧的现象.通过4处采煤塌陷区及2处煤矿未开采区土壤垂向剖面研究,地表植被类型及覆盖度、植被根系垂向分布、土壤粒度、含水率、地下水位之间等关系表明,采煤塌陷对土地沙漠化进程没有明显的影响.年均415 mm的降雨量基本满足采煤塌陷区沙生植被正常生长所需水份,其结论为该地区大规模煤炭资源开发土地沙漠化防治提供了科学依据.
关键词：采煤塌陷区;土地沙漠化;土壤剖面;大柳塔
分类号：P694 　文献标识码：A
文章编号：1000-3657(2008)01-0157-06

Effect of coal mining collapses of the Daliuta coal mine on land desertification

XU You-ning　 LI Zhi-pei　 CHEN She-bin　 CHEN Hua-qing　 YUAN Han-chun　



基金项目：国土资源部《重点矿区环境地质问题专题调查》(200412300057)、《陕西大柳塔煤矿区环境地质问题专题调查》项目(1212010541301-4)资助.
作者简介：徐友宁,男,1963年生,博士,研究员,主要从事矿山环境地质研究工作;E-mail:ksdzhj@sohu.com.
作者单位：徐友宁（西安地质矿产研究所,陕西,西安,710054）　
　　　　　李智佩（西安地质矿产研究所,陕西,西安,710054）　
　　　　　陈社斌（西安地质矿产研究所,陕西,西安,710054）　
　　　　　陈华清（西安地质矿产研究所,陕西,西安,710054）　
　　　　　袁汉春（西安地质矿产研究所,陕西,西安,710054）　

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