南海东北部台湾浅滩陆坡的浊流沉积物波的发育及其成因的构造控制

永颉同心

摘　要：南海东北部马尼拉海沟发育有面积达35 000 km2的、壮观的沉积物波波域,水深2 600～4 100 m.基于波域的特征、区域分布、物质组成等,判断其为重力流成因.该波域于1.2 Ma开始起动,从而形成了和下伏平行反射截然不同的波状反射,二者之间为沉积物波的起动面.该波域的发育史受控于台湾造山运动的发育史,吕宋岛弧在北西西向运动的菲律宾海板块的携带下,于6.5 Ma左右和欧亚大陆边缘发生斜向弧-陆碰撞,碰撞焦点持续向南转移,于1.2 Ma左右转移至台湾南部,造成台湾南部的物理剥蚀、乃至向毗邻深水的碎屑供应急剧增加,改变了深水沉积动力学状态,浊流活动的强度和频率极大加强,从而开始了该波域的起动和发育.该沉积物波的发育和台湾造山运动构成了完美的构造活动和沉积响应关系.
关键词：南海;沉积物波;台湾造山运动;弧-陆碰撞;浊流

基金项目：国家自然科学基金(批准号:40572067)资助.
作者简介：王海荣 男 1972年出生 在读博士 构造和深水沉积
作者单位：王海荣（中国地质大学能源学院,北京,100083;中国石油大学盆地与油藏研究中心,北京,102249）　
　　　　　王英民（中国地质大学能源学院,北京,100083）　
　　　　　邱燕（广州海洋地质调查局区域地质调查所,广州,510760）　
　　　　　彭学超（广州海洋地质调查局区域地质调查所,广州,510760）　
　　　　　黄奇志（中国石油天然气勘探开发公司,北京,100083）
参考文献：

[1]Faugères J C,Stow D A V,Imbert P,et al.Seismic features diagnostic of contourite drifts[J].Marine Geology,1999,62:1-38
[2]Karl H A,Cacchione D A,Carlson P R.Internal-wave currents as a mechanism to account for large sand waves in Navarinsky Canyon Head,Bering Sea[J].Journal of Sedimentary Petrology,1986,56(5):706-714
[3]Gao Zhenzhong,Eriksson K A.Internal-tide deposits in an Ordovician submarine channel:previously unrecognized facies[J].Geology,1991,19(7):734-737
[4]高振中,Eriksson K A.美国阿巴拉契亚山脉芬卡苏地区奥陶纪海底水道中的内潮汐沉积[J].沉积学报,1993,11(1):12-22[Gao Zhenzhong,Eriksson K A.Internal-tide deposits in an Ordovician submarine channel,Fincastle,Appalachians,USA[J].Acta Sedimentologic Sinica,1993,11(1):12-22]
[5]高振中,何幼斌,罗顺社,等.深水牵引流沉积--内潮汐、内波和等深流沉积研究[M].北京:科学出版社,1996[Gao Zhenzhong,He Youbin,Luo Shunshe,et al.Deep water traction current deposits:a study on internal-tides,internal waves,contour currents and their deposits[M].Beijing:Science Press,1996]
[6]Gao Zhenzhong,Eriksson K A,He Youbin,et al.Deep-water traction current deposits:a study of internal tides,internal waves,contour currents and their deposits[M].Beijing and New York:Science Press,1998
[7]张兴阳,高振中,姚雪根.北大西洋洛克尔海槽东北部内波沉积--深水大型沉积物波成因的再解释[J].沉积学报,1999,17 (3):464-472[Zhang Xingyang,Gao Zhenzhong,Yao Xuegen,Internal-wave deposits in the Northeastern rockall trough,North Atlantic Ocean:Reinterpretation of deep-water sediment waves formation[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,1999,17(3):464-472]
[8]张兴阳,何幼斌,罗顺社,等.内波单独作用形成的深水沉积物波[J].古地理学报,2002,4(1):83-89[Zhang Xingyang,He Youbin,Luo Shunshe,et al.Deep-water sediment waves formed by internal waves[J].Journal of Palaeogeography,2002,4(1):83-89
[9]高振中,何幼斌,张兴阳,等.塔中地区中晚奥陶世内波、内潮汐沉积[J].沉积学报,2000,18(3):400-407[Gao Zhenzhong,He Youbin,Zhang Xingyang,et al.Internal-wave and internal-tide deposits of the Middle-Upper Ordovician in the Center Tarim Basin[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2000,18(3):400-407]
[10]Habgood E L,Kenyon N H,Masson D G,et al.Deep-water sediment wave fields,bottom current sand channels and gravity flow channel-lobe systems:Gulf of Cadiz,NE Atlantic[J].Sedimentology,2003,50:483-510
[11]Knutz P C,Jones E J W,Howe J A,et al.Wave-form sheeted contourite drift on the Barra Fan,NW UK continental margin[C]//Stow D A V,Pudsey C J,Howe J A,et al.Deep-Water Contourite Systems:Modern Drifts and Ancient Series,Seismic and Sedimentary Characteristics.Geological Society,London,Memoirs,2002,22:85-97
[12]Flood R D,Shor A N,Manley P D.Morphology of abyssal mudwaves at Project MUDWAVES sites in the Argentine Basin[J].Deep-Sea Research,1993,40:859-888
[13]Lom-Keil H,Spie V,Hopfauf V.Fine-grained sediment waves on the western flank of the Zapiola Drift,Argentine Basin:evidence for variations in Late Quaternarybottom flow activity[J].Marine Geology,2002,192:239-258
[14]Ballard J A.Structure of the lower continental rise hills of the western North Atlantic[J].Geophysics,1966,31:506-523
[15]Fox P J,Heezen B C,Harian A M.Abyssal anti-dunes[J].Nature,1968,220:470-472
[16]Hollister C D.Abyssal furrows and hyperbolic echo traces on the Bahama Outer Ridge[J].Geology,1974,2:395-400
[17]Wynn R B,Masson D G,Stow D A V,et al.The Northwest African slope apron:a modern analogue for deep-water systems with complex seafloor topography[J].Marine and Petroleum Geology,2000,17:253-265
[18]Wynn R B,Piper D J W,Gee M J R.Generation and migration of coarse-grained sediment waves in turbidity current channels and channel-lobe transition zones[J].Marine Geology,2002,192:59-78
[19]Normark W R,Hess G R,Stow D A V,et al.Sediment waves on the Monterey Fan levee:a preliminary physical interpretation[J].Marine Geology,1980,37:1-18
[20]Normark W R,Piper D J W,Posamentier H,et al.Variability in form and growth of sediment waves on turbidite channel levees[J].Marine Geology,2002,192:23-58
[21]Migeon S,Savoye B,Zanella E,et al.Detailed seismic-reflection and sedimentary study of turbidite sediment waves on the Var Sedimentary Ridge (SE France):significance for sediment transport and deposition and for the mechanisms of sediment-wave construction[J].Marine and Petroleum Geology,2001,18:179-208
[22]Kenyon N H,Belderson R H,Stride A H.Channels,canyons and slump folds on the continental slope between South-West Ireland and Spain[J].Oceanology Acta,1978(1):369-380
[23]王海荣,王英民,邱燕,等.南海北部大陆边缘深水环境的沉积物波[J].自然科学进展,2007,17(9):1235-1243[Wang Hairong,Wang Yingmin,Qiu Yan,et al.Sediment waves of deep-water environment of the continental margin,South China Sea[J].Progress in Natural Science,2007,17(9):1235-1243]
[24]Damuth J E.Migrating sediment waves created by turbidity currents in the northern South China Basin[J].Geology,1979,7:520-523
[25]Shepard F P.Submarine Geology[M].New York:Harper and Row,1973:517
[26]Lin A T S,Watts A B,Hesselbo S P.Cenozoic stratigraphy and subsidence history of the south China Sea margin in the Taiwan region[J].Basin Research,2003,15:453-478
[27]Suppe J.Kinematics of arc-continent collision,flipping of subduction and back-arc spreading near Taiwan[J].Mem.Geol.Soc.China,1984,6:21-34
[28]Huang C Y,Yuan P B,Lin C W,et al.Geodynamic processes of Taiwan arc continent collision and comparison with analogs in Timor,Papua New Guinea,Urals and Corsica[J].Tectonophysics,2000,325:1-21
[29]王海荣,王英民,刘振湖,等.台湾西部前陆盆地的构造格局和演化规律[J].大地构造与成矿学,2006,30(3):275-282[Wang Hairong,Wang Yingmin,Liu Zhenhu,et al.Static framework and dynamic evolution of western Taiwan Foreland Basin[J].Geotectonica et Metallogenia,2006,30(3):275-282]
[30]Li Y H.Denudation of Taiwan island since the Pliocene Epoch[J].Geology,1976,4:105-107
[31]Yu H S,Chou Y W.Characteristics and development of the flexural forebulge and basal unconformity of Western Taiwan Foreland Basin[J].Tectonophysics,2001,333:277-291
[32]Liang W D,Tang T Y,Yang Y J,et al.Upper-ocean currents around Taiwan[J].Deep-Sea Research Ⅱ,2003,50:1085-1105

housex

谢谢楼主分享