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ˣٶصĲᰴǵͶʱӶͬһ̶ӡţڸصĲ𲻱ʱʣƷͶӵıӡԣųAκһӰ켶׷ͶʡAصĳʣ0ˣȻ0ΪѾٶ׷ʱ䣬Ҳ䡣

Щٶ£õ۸ܹµֻΪŵõѾAص۸񣬶ǽϺһBص۸񣬻κһֱAõص۸ʱͻAϳߣCص۸ŵãһнϻضֲС

781
صľ˳ʱͻABϳļٶ£һǣ׷Ͷʵ׷ӲƷҪ½ϻAȵȵĲƷڱ֤ѾΪࡣ

ñII˵ٶҪ18أ20ءʱA˳Bÿ30۸áˣȡµʽ

IV
ЩЩЩЩЩЩЩЩЩ

ةӢʱ  ÿة橦ء⡡

éۡ۩Щȡ

ȡ辶ҩ

ȼĶ()()()() () ()()()ʩ

੤੤੤੤੤੤੤੤੤੤

B 1  5 16 4 1 1/2 6 0 00

C 1  5 16 6 1 1/2 9 2 360%

D 1  5 16 8 1 1/212 4 6 120%

੤੤੤੤੤੤੤੤੤੤

ϼƩ3 15 3181827 6 9

ˣͱIIȣܵѾ36ٵ9ҲѾ12ؼٵ6أֻܲ2أ20ؼٵ18ءʱĳʣȴѾ½ԭ֮һ180%ٵ60%ϣ۸½ͻҵҲ١

ͱIȣֻǻҵˣ϶6أһϣ18һϣ9C˵ͱIһġʵϣȵ׷ʱɵ׷AĲƷųг

782
AرųҪ֮УһµļIѾγˣֵϣϺõBźʹǰϻAһáˣһ棬Bĵûˣһ棬ռٶBCD֮ĲΪͶ׷ʱ仯ˣתΪĲƷ־ͼˡ

Aس⣬󣬡ΪͶCDϵʱѾһϣĩξͻ᲻ͬ磬C˵ͶʣǾͻõ±

IVa
ЩЩЩЩЩЩЩЩЩ

ةӢʡ  ÿةա橦ء⡡

éۡ۩Щȡ

ȡ辶ҩ

ȼĶ ()  () ()() ()  () () () ʩ

੤੤੤੤੤੤੤੤੤੤

B 1 5  16 4 1 1/2 6 0 00

C 1  7 1/2 1 1/29 9 1 1/213 1/2 3 4 1/260%

D 1 5  16 8 1 1/212 4 6 120%

੤੤੤੤੤੤੤੤੤੤

ϼƩ3 17 1/23 1/2212131 1/2 710 1/2

ͱIVȣCĲ6ӵ9أʣƷ2ӵ3أҵ3ӵ4 1/2ͬII(CĻҵ12)ͱI(CĻҵ6)ȣCĻҵѾ½ܶ7أͱII(12)Ѿ½ͱI(6)

783
ӣҵܶ(10 1/2)(1836)ȶѾ½

Ͷ2 1/2ͶBϣĩȻᷢ仯ⲻӰ죬ΪռٶͶʲͬκβBزṩκε⡣

෴ٶͶͶDϣͶCϣǾͻõ±  1

IVb
ЩЩЩЩЩЩЩЩЩ

ةӢʡ  ÿةա橦ء⡡

éۡ۩Щȡ

ȡ辶ҩ

ȼĶ ()  () ()() () () () () ʩ

੤੤੤੤੤੤੤੤੤੤

B 1 5  16 4 1 1/2 6 0 00

C 1 5  16 6 1 1/2 9 2 360%

D 1  7 1/2 1 1/2912 1 1/218 6 9 120%

੤੤੤੤੤੤੤੤੤੤

ϼƩ3 17 1/23 1/2212233 812

ܲ22أȱIһ࣬ȻԤʱֻ17 1/210ӻһͱIIȣܲ2أȻIIԤʱ20

ͱIȣDصĹѾ3ӵ6أҵԾɲ䣬9ͱIIȣDصĹԾ6أҵѾ18ٵ9

784
˵ܵ⣬IVbĹ⣽8أȱI6ض࣬ҲȱIVa7ض࣬ȱII12١IVbĻҵ⣽12ȱIVa10 1/2࣬ȱI18٣ҲȱII36١

ڱIVbĸ£BûеҪʹܶȻͱIĵܶȣǱ6ĳҲǱ4أÿصµ۸1 1/2Ǿͻһ18ĵܶͱIͬΪҪ׷ʱҪǰʱͶCϻͶDϣǷֿͶ϶ͬ

C˵5ʱṩ2صʣƷ10׷ʱṩ4ص׷ʣƷD˵5׷Ӷ׷ͶʵʲһΪǰ£Ѿ㹻4ص׷ӹ⡣ɴˣǿԵóµĽ

IVc
ЩЩЩЩЩЩЩЩЩ

ةӢʡ  ÿةա橦ء⡡

éۡ۩Щȡ

ȡ辶ҩ

ȼĶ ()  ()()() ()  () () () ʩ

੤੤੤੤੤੤੤੤੤੤

B 1 5  16 4 1 1/2 6 0 00

C 1 15 31818 1 1/227 6 960%

D 1  7 1/2 1 1/2912 1 1/218 6 9 120%

੤੤੤੤੤੤੤੤੤੤

ϼƩ3 27 1/25 1/23334511218


785

IVd
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ةӢʡ  ÿةա橦ء⡡

éۡ۩Щȡ

ȡ辶ҩ

ȼĶ ()  ()()() ()  () () () ʩ

੤੤੤੤੤੤੤੤੤੤

B 1 5  16 4 1 1/2 6 0 00

C 1 5  16 6 1 1/2 9 2 360%

D 1 12 1/22 1/21520 1 1/2301015 120%

੤੤੤੤੤੤੤੤੤੤

ϼƩ3 22 1/24 1/22730451218

ҵܶǡǱII(׷ʱ۸񲻱Ͷ)Ļҵܶһ롣

Ҫǣ϶ͱIȡ

ǿ۸½һ룬ÿ6030ʱҵܶ䣬Ծ18Ӧһ6ӵ12ءBĵûˣCĻҵڱIVcһ룬ڱIVdһ룻DĻҵڱIVcԾɣ9ڱIVd9ӵ15Ѿ10ӵIVc34غͱIVd30أѾ2ӵIVc5 1/2ͱIVd4 1/2Ͷһ10ӵ27 1/2һ10ӵ22 1/2϶һϡʣԤʱĵ⣬ÿ˵ڴӱIVIVdеı϶һһѾһٶУκһͶʵʲ䡣ǣͱIȣ۶иصƽ

786
˵Ƕÿطֱ˵ʶѾ½ڱIƽ180%ڱIVcƽ18/27 1/2100%65 5/11%ڱIVdƽ18/22 1/2100%80%ÿӢĶƽҵѾӡƽǰڱIǰȫ4ӢĶ㣬ÿӢĶ4 1/2ڱIVcͱIVd3ӢĶ㣬ÿӢĶ6ṩؼ㣬ҵƽǰÿӢĶ6ÿӢĶ9ÿӢĶĻҼֵѾߣڴǰһĹƷ12ع⻹ܲ34ػ30صһ룬ڱI6Ѿܲ10ص3/5ԣΪܲһȻѾ٣Ͷʱ㣬ҲѾ٣ĻҼֵÿӢĶѾӣĲƷֵӵøࡣñIVdеD˵ã15Ͷʱ12 1/2ҵ⣽15ڱIͬһDصã3Ͷʱ2 1/2ҵ⣽9ߵõʱıڱIVdDĻҵ15ǡȣֻʱ1/5ÿӢĶĻҵѾ2/3915ڱI3صĹ⣽ܲ4ص3/4ڱIVd10أDһӢĶܲ(20)һ롣ɴ˿ɼÿӢĶĻҼֵ͹ֵܹӣȻֻγнСһ֣ԤʱҲѾ
١

Iܲļֵ30⣽18ܲļֵһ롣IVdܲļֵ45е18

787
ܲļֵһ롣

ÿصļ۸½1 1/250%ܲμӾ4ӢĶٵ3ӢĶܻҵȴȻֲ䣬⻹һÿӢĶĹͻҵҲӣԭѾصʣƷ۸µ50%ʣƷ100%ǣҪõڼٶ£ܲϺϵͶҲһϡϺϵͶʱ밴ıӣȡ׷ͶڽϺغ֮ģǼٶʱÿϵʣͬʱɱӡ

۸½ĳ̶ȽСͬҵҪ׷ʱͻ١ҪAӸżȥĹⲻֻȡAÿӢĶĲҲȡAȫռıѾˣAõĸ׷ʱѾˣ£ҵ͹ͻӵø࣬ȻB϶Ѳڡ

Aĳʱ5ĩҪԱȽϵǱIIͱIVdܲѾ20ӵ30ءҵȴֻһ룬1836Ծɲ䣽12ء

D44صܲ6627 1/2ʱDԭеıʼ㣬ÿ2 1/2ʱвƷ4أĩҵܶͻ´ﵽIIˮƽ

788
ұʽ£
	
ЩЩЩЩ

ةʡ  ⩦ҵ⩦

ȼ () () ()()

੤੤੤੤

B 5  4 0 0

C 5  6 2 3

D 27 1/2442233

੤੤੤੤

ϼƩ37 1/2542436

ܲ54أIIܲȴ20أҵԾһ36ʱ37 1/2II20ȫԤʱһѾһҵԾɲ䡣ԣ۸ʲṩĽϺ(һбAõ)Ͷ׷ӵĻʱ½ʱͻһֲͬ͹ⰴͬһӵƣˣ۸½ĻҵʧֿɹӵõһҲһϣԤʱͶCϵıͶDϵĶ࣬Ҳ˵ͶṩٵϵģͶṩ϶ϵĶ࣬ԤʱͱӦࡣ˵ǣΪҪʹҵⱣֲӣһʣƷ׷ӶΪʱṩʣƷصķԽʱԽСBC֮䣬CD֮Ĳ׷ʱͻСһıҪȡ1۸½ıڲṩBǰṩA֮Ĳ

789
2BϸϺ֮Ĳı3Ͷ׷ʱ4׷ʱڸϵķ䡣

ʵϣ֪ʾģ̸һʱѾ飺۸ѶʱǶ٣ⶼ׷ͶʶӡΪAѱżȥھһµļIBΪأÿ1 1/2Ϊµ۸ڱIVҲڱIIһģֻΪĲAB3۸񣬶1 1/2۸

ҪһֻǣȻҪ׷ʱʹʱAʹûAҲܵõ㣬ͱͬʱÿӢĶĵԾɲ䡢ӻ٣ʹ϶ĳЩϣѸصƽ˵ѾͻҵⲢƽġֻڴͳھѧȻáҲȫɿ֤˵һ5򵽵ɴԱǰ10򵽵ɴöࡣѾ˵үͬʱ쳧ǳƳȵȵĳɶڻҵ½ʱΪԭϵߣȻԻ
档IVaIVdڰһᴮȫļϵĴ¼㡣ȻӰЩ۹۵㣬ÿӢĶĲЩֵذʮֻεֵʵҲ޹ؽҪġһͼϣֱشˮƽũҵɴܵ𺦣κΪʵ֣ȥӢĶڱIǿÿӢĶ10ʽ12ʽ14ʽ16ʽ(8ʽ1)ÿӢĶ1ء2ء3ء4ءɴƳ֣ȻڻȻʵķΧڣǽ֣ᷢӺʱ֮ȣȫһɱ߼ӽĸɵġ

790

II׷ʱʽ
ʲôµĶֻҪͬղſһ۸ܹ֮½ֻΪ׷ʱͶڱAõϣAĲƷѾΪ࣬ʱѾAAѾڱֲƷϡѾϸˡѾָͬ£ÿӢĶĹͻҵӡٻ߲䡣

Ϊ˱ڱȽϣȰѱI棺

I
ЩЩЩЩЩЩЩЩ

ةӢʡÿصĩ  ⩦ҵ⩦

é

ȼĶ () ()()() () ()ʩ

੤੤੤੤੤੤੤੤

A 1  2 1/2 1/231 3  00

B 1  2 1/2 1/21 1/22 3  3 120%

C 1  2 1/2 1/213 3  6 240%

D 1  2 1/2 1/23/44 3  9 360%

੤੤੤੤੤੤੤੤

ϼƩ4 10106 18 180%

(ƽ)


791
ǼٶBCDʽʱṩ16أѾ԰AӸżȥIIIͻ±

V
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ةӢͶʡ󩦡 ۼ   ⩦ҵ⩦



ȼĶ () ()() ()  () () ()ʩ

੤੤੤੤੤੤੤੤੤

B 1 2 1/2+2 1/2 12+1 1/2=3 1/2 1 5/7 60  00 

C 1 2 1/2+2 1/2 1 3+2=5 1 5/78 4/7 1 1/2 2 4/7 51 3/7%

D 1 2 1/2+2 1/2 14+3 1/2=7 1/2 1 5/712 6/74  6 6/7137 1/7%

੤੤੤੤੤੤੤੤੤

ϼƩ3 151627 3/75 1/2 9 3/7 94 2/7%

(ƽ)¸У˹ֻṩصƽBDƽ62 6/7

׷ʱʽͣϵĽͶʱõ۸3½1 5/7Ͷһ룬10ӵ15ҵཱུһ룬189 3/7ȴֻ1/126ؼٵ5 1/2ءܲ10ӵ16أ60%ռ֮ܲһǿԤʱͻҵ֮Ϊ15:9 3/7ǰΪ10:18

III׷ʱ
ͱ¿ͷıI۸ʲ

792
ʱµֻڣҪһ׷ӲƷAżȥʱԸط

׷Ͷʵʽͺߵĳϣ׷Ͷʶᰴڸؼķͬáֲͬʹƽ󣬸Ϻصļ⣬ӶܶҲᰴٻӣͼIѾһ⣬һȡںAһżʱԼʱΪṩ׷ӲƷԤʱ

ֻһֵоʵҲһʹǻعͷоתΪģǣ

ڵһ۸񲻱УͶAϵ׷ʱͼⱾ޹أΪAԾɲṩ⣬ĲƷļ۸񲻱䣬Ҽгá

ڵڶıI(۸ʲʱµ)УAرȻᱻżڱII(۸ʽʱµ)иΪAص׷ͶʱȻ۸񡣵ڵڶıIII(۸׷ʱ߶µ)У׷ʱһ¿ͶAϣҲͶڸϺϡ

ǼٶͶAϵ׷ʱ2 1/21أ1 1/5ء

793

VI
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ةӢʡ  ۡ۩橦ء⩦

éЩȡ

ȼĶ () ()()()()() ةʩ

੤੤੤੤੤੤੤੤੤੤

A 1 2 1/22 1/2=5161+1 1/5=2 1/52 8/1160  00

B 1 2 1/22 1/2=5162+2 2/5=4 2/52 8/11 12 2 1/5 6 120%

C 1 2 1/22 1/2=5163+3 3/5=6 3/52 8/11 18 4 2/512 240%

D 1 2 1/22 1/2=5164+4 4/5=8 4/52 8/11 24 6 3/518 360%

੤੤੤੤੤੤੤੤੤੤

4 20424226013 1/536 240%

ҪͻıIȽϣҲҪͱII(Ͷʼӱʲ䣬Ͷʳɱ)Ƚϡ

ռٶõ۸½ˡ䣬ǣ3ĩǰͶ2 1/2ʱṩκεAҲͻṩˣܲûиر˸֣ΪͬһصѾӣֻǶʱһ˵Ƕԭеʱ˵һ31أڶ31 1/2أȫƷ2 1/5ǰƽ۸۵ġΪ׷ͶʶӣȻĳָָǣһ˵ÿӢĶѾͶʱ(ķϣĻеͶȵ)Ҳǣһ˵ֻͨ׷ʱпʵһϲͬġЧʸͶʡϣÿӢĶ5ʱõ2 1/2صĲʱ

794
һ뼴2 1/2Ǿֻõ1صĲʱг״Ʋ˵ֻAص൱ϣֻÿӢĶ2 1/2ʱ֣AصĲƷܼϸߵ۸񣬶ǰµƽ۸ۡǣÿӢĶͶ5±ԼľӪһձʵУõ۸ͱȻ½2 8/11ʱ֮ĲͻʧAÿӢĶֻ2 1/2֣ʵϾǷģµӦġʱⲻͬһӢĶϵʱֵͬĲ𣬶ÿӢĶͶǷĲɴ˿Կһ൱ũ(൱࣬Ϊ٣Ǿֻñȵǵ۸)еĲʱͬر½зĲȫͬáϻصĵӸ֣ʹϺصĵӣʵͬѸϴ⣬£ǲṩġڶ֪ͬһϵͶʲʱʵϻữһƽƽϣͬͶʵѾܹϺ˲⣻1ǻʹ˵AһӢĶջƽ۸񣬳Ϊµõļ۸2ǻΪ³ָҪÿӢĶʱı䶯ʱУͶʼԵѾֵػһ𡣽ϺصĸļҲ֮ÿϣⶼɸüṩƽذһѾӡѾΪ׼ͶṩĲȵĲġ

795
ûһǲͶʶṩƷġͼ򵥵ļ⼴I˵Ҳ˵һӢĶAؼ۸ػᰴĳּ۸ṩĲƷϺõBCDػṩļƷǸõļ۸񣬻ṩҵ⣬˵ʱǼٶѾͶһġ±׼ʱڹҵһÿҵ˵һ޶ʱԱ԰Ʒ۸Ʒ

ͬһ˺͸ָһġͶʣ޶˱仯ĩҲ𽥷ġ磬AػһӢĶδȡ׷ӵľӪʱʱ۸񲻱䣬AЩֵñȽϺõӢĶͻ⣬һнϺBCDĵҲߡµľӪһռΪ׼ľӪ۸ͻ½Ϻصĵͻ½δڵƽӪʱǲAأֻõĸ۸ƽĲƷ

۸µʱ׷ʱʽ͵ʱҲֻᷢҪܲͶʵӣѾɽϺṩӶ磬ӪʱAϳҲ˵AزٲμֲƷ(С)ϵľƽͶµõĽϺõBϵʱͳΪ׼˵صĲͬʱҲǼٶÿӢĶʹµı׼ʱ

һ棬ƽͶʣӢ1848ǰÿӢ

796	
Ķ81848ԺÿӢĶ12ҲΪ޽Լʱı׼Ͷʳ׼ũ˵ԼЧڼǲתΪġԼں᲻תΪ⣬ȡЩܹͬĶͶʵũľﲻ̸Եġʱ֧ʱҲܼ֤ӵظָȻʱĲźʵȻȫͬá

ˣ֪ڼIIУһҪرԿǣҪڼIûбֳΪÿӢĶ׼Ͷʶκα䶯IԼȥҪأһ棬õAϵĸͶʵĽһAصĲڲΪÿӢĶı׼ƽһ棬ÿӢĶͶʵı׼޶ƽ䶯ֱ䶯ΪصԡǳתΪʽķϵĲ

ΣͬIIIȣVIڱȱIһϣȱII1 1/5أҵͱIȣһͱIIȣȴûб仯(ּٶͬ)׷ʱиĲͶڽϺõĸϣһҲ˵׷ʱAü٣Aÿصõƽ۸ߣĩҵͻӡ

ʱӶķߣڸϷͬãǾͻǵļı䶯

Ѿ֤۸׷Ͷʵ߶

797
½ʱҲߵıԤʱӵıʱÿӢĶĵ⣬Ͷһʱֻܹһܹһϡǣ۸Aصߵø½øͣĩÿӢĶĵҲ½

ǼٶBC׷ͶʲǺA׷Ͷʰͬıʣ¶BC˵٣ӾͲֲ۸½ͱIIȣDĵ⽫ӣBCĵ١

VIa
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ةӢʡÿӢĶĲ ۼ   ⩦ҵ⩦



ȼĶ () ()() ()  () () ()

੤੤੤੤੤੤੤੤

A 1 2 1/2+2 1/2=5 11+3=4 1 1/2 60  0

B 1 2 1/2+2 1/2=5 12+2 1/2=4 1/2 1 1/26 3/41/2 3/4

C 1 2 1/2+2 1/2=5 1 3+5=8 1 1/212  4 6

D 1 2 1/2+2 1/2=5 14+12=16 1 1/224 12 18 

੤੤੤੤੤੤੤੤

ϼƩ4 2032 1/2 16 1/224 3/4

ڷͬıӵ£ڽϺϱAͶ׷ʱߣڽϺϵĸ׷Ͷʵߣĩҵͻӡϣӡ

׷Ͷĸȫ򲿷ּСҶ

798
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ص׷ӷı䣬ṩϱAϣṩ϶ϱṩٵͶʱ׷ʱȣAȣϺغϵķӵø࣬ĩҵͻߣҲߣߵĳ̶ȺͱȽϸ߼صķȽϵͼصķӵĳ̶ȳɱ

ǣ£ʱӵĽͶʲʱߵĽĩͻԵߡǾԵĹ۵㣬ָǰһÿӢĶѾӵĵ(ͼIоȫƽܵһ)ͶӵĽͶڼ۸񲻱½ʱԲʷãڼ۸񲻱½ʱԽ͵ʷãڼ۸½ʱߵʷáΪǵļٶǣ۸׷ʱʲ䡢ͻʱ䣬۸ʲ䡢ͻʱ½ٶԹΪļٶ۸񲻱½ʱ׷ʱʲ䣬۸񲻱½ʱʽͣ۸񲻱½ʱߡȻһгϣԲ½ͬ£ʱ׷ʹòǷӵͻ½øˣ׷ʱǵԸ߰ԭȻԵػ½


799


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