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Ѿ֪һʱͨʱ䣬ͨʱʱ֮͡ǴʱֵһʽԤʱ𣬵ڹеʱֵصͬһʽʱֹһʱ䡣

ʱľĿģԤֳֵԤֵȡĶʽʽǲȡƷʽļֵʽԤƷļ۸онϵĶԡϣʱֵѭʱҪͬĴʽʱֵͬһԣʱҵ˲ϻڼҵʽϵõ֤ʵġ

ǿGG'ʽǿPPʽʽ1ԤֵѾΪʱְִֵܣѾֳ2ԤֵͨĹֻ֮صʼʱʽԤֵGֳͬʱʱ֮صʽ(ʽ)
171GG'ʽһĿȻġڵڶʽҲΪPҪؼһֵƷĴڡʽֳֵ(W'G')ͻصԭʽΪڵڶPУԤֵȡҪصʽԭԤʱʽ

ǰѾ֪ʱʽҲ;ͬʽʱʽ£ͶֻΪ̵ֳֵֶΣͬҲֻΪԤֵΪʱΪֳļֵֶΡ(121)

(I)GG'(II)PP(III)W'W'ʽµʽII(PP)У̵ĸ£̣ΪʵģʽIУֻΪܵġǶߺʽIIIǣԤʱֵȡҵʽǲȡʵҪصʽǳ㣬ҲǸ㡣GG'УG'G+gͬһģ£G³Ϊ㣬g򲻽ֻ̣ǱʾGΪʱѾֳѾһʣֵgǰ׿ˡPPʽУҪPʽԤʱֵͬǳ㡣ʽͬԤʱֳֵмͬһʱֵͬһʽP¿ʼĹ̡лۣP'(ֵ=G'=W')ΪѾʱֵʼ̡ǣʱֵȻǰˣȻԭʽԤʱֵʼ෴ʽIIIУʼ̵ʱֵԤʱֵѾֳʱֵǴƷʽϵܲƸԤʱ
172ֵֻеһ֡һʽԵƪ˵ǺҪģΪʱ˶Ҫʱ˶ϵԿ졣ڿʱתʱʽǲõģΪʱתԻʽƷʽʱֵԤʼʹѭеʱֵصԤʱʽѭIѭIIĩҪоתʣֵγɵӰʱӦץסǰߣҪоתԲƷγɵӰʱǾӦץסߡ

ѧҼȲֲͬѭʽҲֱ𿼲ǺʱתĹϵͨǿGG'ʽΪʽ֧ŵʱңӶҲִ֧ӹ׾ѧҡʹֻڼҵʽϳΪ㣬ʽҲļáһЩҪʽϵ֧һֱ쵽ջأǶջصʽƷǻտڲ̸磺

ڡ̣Ǵ֧ʱֱջʱΪֹũҵУĿˣջսᡣ(ơŦξѧԭŦԼ81ҳ)

һЩW'(ʽIII)ʼ

磬ԿǳΪڵѭתģһҵ̽еĽףֻص㣬ÿεѭˡԴʱҵõ룬Ӷջʱʱ𣻴ʱµ飺й͹ˣԹʵʽָϣȷе˵ָǻϵȨȡӪƳɵƷƷ͵гȥڻջȫͶʣһϵ˶ѭ(Ĭ˹ξѧ1832˹285ҳ)
173
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ѿԼٻ̵ʱתʱĸðΪƲ˵ʱתʱڲͬͶʲǲͬġ

繤ͶְܵȻλһǴڹеʱתȻλλȻǣ´ʱҪũƷһջһΡ

ٶUʾתʱļλ꣬uʾһʱתʱ䣬nʾʱתĩn=U/u˵תʱu3£ĩn=12/3=4ʱһ4ת˵ת4Ρu=18£ĩn=12/18=2/3˵ʱһֻתʱ2/3ʱ
174תʱڼ꣬ĩҪһı㡣

ʱ˵ʱתʱ䣬ԤʱԱʹֳصԭʽʱ䡣

ڽһоת̺ͼ̵ֳֵӰǰҪµʽʽʱ̵ͨõģһʱתʽӰ졣



175
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